BoP (Balance of Plant)
Also known as: BoP-E, BoP-C
All supporting infrastructure in a BESS plant beyond the core battery and power conversion equipment. Includes civil works, cabling, auxiliary power, grid connection, fencing, and site services.
In energy storage
BoP typically accounts for 10–20% of total installed CAPEX on a utility-scale project, though this varies significantly depending on project-specific factors such as foundation design, cabling types and distances, installation labour, lightning protection, auxiliary power, fencing, CCTV, access roads, drainage, and PFAS collection approach. An often misunderstood aspect of BoP scope is whether it includes system integration and compatibility between different equipment manufacturers — which it most often does not.