Frequency regulation
Also known as: Frequency Response, Frequency Control
Grid services where a generator or storage asset responds to frequency deviations to help restore and maintain the nominal grid frequency (50 Hz in Europe, 60 Hz in the US).
In energy storage
Frequency regulation is the primary revenue stream for many BESS projects, with products ranging from sub-second response (FFR, Dynamic Containment) through to slower restoration reserves (aFRR, mFRR). The asset's SoC must be actively managed during delivery — if the battery reaches its upper or lower SoC limit, it can no longer respond in that direction and risks non-delivery penalties.