CAPEX (Capital Expenditure)
Also known as: Capital Cost, Upfront Cost
The upfront investment required to build a BESS plant — covering DC blocks (batteries), PCS, transformers, BoP, EPC fees, grid connection, and development costs.
In energy storage
BESS CAPEX is typically expressed in $/kWh or €/kWh on an installed basis. The DC blocks are generally the largest single cost component, but significant CAPEX also sits in the power conversion system, high-voltage substation, electrical infrastructure, grid connection agreement, and development costs.